Additive manufacturing involves complex physical phenomena related to the used materials, the energy sources used to establish the fusion as well as phenomena related to the radiation-matter interaction. These phenomena reach a certain complexity where modeling and numerical simulation are essential tools for their understanding. These make it possible to predict and optimize the characteristics of the materials and subsequently improve the quality of the final product. Current 3D printing systems are equipped with multiple laser sources operating at a fixed wavelength of 1064 nm. The absorption of this wavelength is relatively low for most metals. This low absorption requires higher laser powers to compensate the energy loss and completely melt the used materials. This has encouraged researchers to develop new efficient and viable laser diode sources that emit short wavelengths for future additive manufacturing systems. The planned work in this project aims to optimize the energy source (LASER diode), the quality of the materials often used in this process (physiochemical structures and properties), as well as controlling the heat exchanges that occur. This involves carrying out comprehensible studies, developing distinct physical models, designing effective simulation programs and experimental characterization of laser diodes intended for additive manufacturing processes. This combined approach “theoretical studies / experimental investigations” makes it possible to obtain reliable and improved results.