When Copper Meets Steel: Rethinking Functional Gradients Through the Wire Arc Process

Imagine a material that evolves within itself — strong where it must resist, conductive where it must perform.
This project explores the frontier of functionally graded materials (FGMs), where copper and stainless steel merge seamlessly through advanced additive manufacturing. Moving beyond the limits of traditional fabrication, the wire arc process offers new ways to design matter layer by layer, crafting gradients that nature itself would envy.
Between microstructural control and mechanical performance, this research opens a path toward a new generation of smart, adaptive materials for the industry of tomorrow.